Today’s post is about commas.
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Yesterday, I realized that I am bad with commas. I know that you need a comma when you join two independent clauses and that a parenthetical reference needs to be set off by commas, but for some reason I don’t always follow the rules when I type.
Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style discusses this prevalent punctuation mark in rules two through six. My goal for this week is to notice instances of rule number three, “enclose parenthetic expressions between commas.” A subset of this rule is the distinction between a restrictive clause and a nonrestrictive clause. A restrictive clause is one that changes the meaning of the preceding subject. Take these examples:
My cousin Emmett is a glass blower. (restrictive)
My youngest cousin, Emmett, is a glass blower. (nonrestrictive)
In the first example, you don’t know which of my cousins is a glass blower without “Emmett.” In the second example, because the sentence is about my youngest cousin, “Emmett” is simply extra information. We already know which cousin we are talking about, and so Emmett is nonrestrictive in this example. Set off nonrestrictive clauses with commas.
Today’s Sugar: Grab a book and see if you can point out restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses as you read. It’s easy to understand the difference between the two clauses but it’s not so easy to spot examples.